Which tools are commonly used for screening and observation?

The correct choice identifies a range of tools—checklists, running records, and anecdotal records—that are specifically designed for conducting behavioral observations and screenings. These instruments provide structured yet flexible methods for collecting data on children's development and behavior.

Checklists offer a streamlined way to assess specific skills or behaviors by allowing observers to mark off items as they are seen or not seen, making it easy to track progress over time. Running records provide detailed accounts of a child's performance and interactions over a certain period, allowing for a narrative to emerge that captures the context of their behaviors. Anecdotal records focus on specific instances of behavior and provide qualitative insights into a child's actions, thoughts, and social interactions. Together, these tools are integral for educators and professionals to evaluate a child's developmental progress accurately and systematically.

The other options involve tools that may be less effective or relevant for direct behavioral observation and screening. For instance, standardized tests and essays are more focused on academic knowledge and may not capture the nuances of behavioral or developmental observations. Questionnaires and surveys, while providing valuable information, often rely on self-reported data, which can be biased or incomplete. Group discussions and interviews are more subjective and can lead to varied interpretations based on participants' perceptions rather than objective observations of